Squalane:
Source: Zubritsky, L., MD. (2020). The Role of Squalane in Skin Hydration and Antioxidant Protection.
Clinical study: In vivo studies have shown that squalane has significant moisturizing effects and contributes to improving skin elasticity.
Source: PubMed
Glycoin:
Source: Schmidt, F. et al. (2017). Glycoin Efficacy in Improving Skin Elasticity and Hydration.
Clinical study: In vivo studies confirmed that glycoin increases skin hydration and elasticity by 40%.
Source: Cosmetic Science Journal
Synergy of Ferulic Acid and Vitamin E:
Source: Pinnell, S. R., MD (2001). Antioxidants such as Ferulic Acid Can Enhance the Protection of the Skin from Environmental Damage.
In vivo studies have shown that ferulic acid and vitamin E together enhance the skin-protective effects of vitamin C.
Source: Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Niacinamide:
Source: Draelos, Z. D. (2016). The Use of Niacinamide in Dermatology.
Clinical studies have shown that niacinamide improves skin barrier functions and reduces pigmentation spots in vivo.
Source: Dermatology Journal
Sodium PCA:
Source: Rawlings, A. V., et al. (1998). Moisturizing Properties of Sodium PCA.
In vivo studies have demonstrated that sodium PCA significantly improves the skin’s moisture-retaining ability.
Source: International Journal of Cosmetic Science
Bakuchiol: Several clinical studies have demonstrated that bakuchiol has anti-aging effects similar to retinol. For instance, it has been shown to reduce skin aging signs, improve collagen production, and enhance skin elasticity. One study using a night serum combining bakuchiol and melatonin reported significant improvements in skin elasticity and smoothness after 12 weeks of use
F1000Research
Scholar Hub
Ectoin: This compound has been studied in both in vitro and in vivo models, showcasing its ability to protect skin cells from UV-induced damage and oxidative stress. Ectoin has been shown to significantly increase skin hydration and reduce wrinkles by enhancing the skin’s natural barrier function (F1000Research)
Jojoba Oil: In vivo studies on jojoba oil demonstrate its ability to improve skin barrier function, hydration, and elasticity. Jojoba is also known for its non-comedogenic properties and skin-soothing benefits (F1000Research, Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology).
Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate (THD – Vitamin C): This lipid-soluble form of Vitamin C is more stable and penetrates deeper into the skin than ascorbic acid. Clinical evidence shows its ability to reduce hyperpigmentation and protect against environmental damage, proving especially useful in anti-aging treatments (Scholar Hub).
Centella Asiatica Extract: Known for its skin-repairing properties, Centella has been shown in clinical studies to enhance collagen production, improve hydration, and reduce redness. It also plays a role in wound healing and anti-aging treatments (F1000Research).
Salvia Hispanica (Chia) Seed Extract: In vivo research supports the role of chia seed extract in improving skin hydration and reducing trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL). It helps in soothing irritated skin, making it ideal for sensitive skin (F1000Research).
Betaine: Known for its hydrating properties, betaine helps the skin retain moisture, leading to improved elasticity and smoothness. Clinical trials have demonstrated its ability to reduce skin irritation while improving skin moisture content (F1000Research).
Frutescens Leaf Juice: This ingredient has been used in traditional medicine for its moisturising and skin-soothing properties. In vivo studies highlight its ability to calm irritated skin and improve hydration (F1000Research).
Alpha-Arbutin: Studies have shown that alpha-arbutin effectively brightens the skin by inhibiting melanin production. Clinical trials on human volunteers demonstrated its effectiveness in reducing hyperpigmentation spots (Scholar Hub).
Xylitylglucoside, Anhydroxylitol, and Xylitol: This trio of ingredients has been clinically proven to improve the skin’s hydration and barrier function. In vivo studies have shown their ability to maintain moisture balance by increasing water reserves in the skin(F1000Research)
.